CONSTITUTIONAL
PROVISIONS
Article
III, Section 2, Clause 1
The judicial Power shall extend
to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this
Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties
made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;—to all
Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and
Consuls;—to all Cases of admiralty and maritime
Jurisdiction;—to Controversies to which the United
States shall be a Party;—to Controversies between two or
more States;—between a State and Citizens of Another
State—;—between Citizens of different States, —between
Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of
different States, and between a State, or the Citizens
thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.
Enumeration
Clause: Article I, Section 2
The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen
every second Year by the People of the several States, and the
Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications requisite
for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State
Legislature.
No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained
to the Age of twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen
of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an
Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the
several States which may be included within this Union,
according to their respective Numbers, which shall be determined
by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including those
bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not
taxed, three fifths of all other Persons. The actual
Enumeration shall be made within three Years after the
first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within
every subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they
shall by Law direct. The Number of Representatives shall
not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State
shall have at Least one Representative; and until such
enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be
entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and
Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New
Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six,
Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and
Georgia three.
When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the
Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to
fill such Vacancies.
The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other
Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.
Fourteenth
Amendment, Section 2 (amending Article I, Section 2)
Representatives shall be apportioned among the
several states according to their respective numbers, counting
the whole number of persons in each state, excluding
Indians not taxed.
Elections Clause: Article I, Section 4
The times, places and manner of holding elections
for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each
state by the legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any
time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the
places of choosing Senators.
Equal Protection Clause:
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1
All persons born or naturalized
in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof,
are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein
they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law
which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens
of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person
of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor
deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal
protection of the laws.
First
Amendment
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or
abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition
the Government for a redress of grievances.