Quotations from Unprotected Category Cases
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
“There are certain
well-defined and narrowly limited classes of speech, the
prevention and punishment of which have never been thought
to raise any Constitutional problem. These
include the lewd and obscene, the profane, the libelous, and
the insulting or "fighting" words — those which by their
very utterance inflict injury or tend to incite an
immediate breach of the peace. It has been well observed
that such utterances are no essential part of any exposition
of ideas, and are of such slight social value as a step to
truth that any benefit that may be derived from them is
clearly outweighed by the social interest in order and
morality. ‘Resort to epithets or personal abuse is not in
any proper sense communication of information or opinion
safeguarded by the Constitution, and its punishment as a
criminal act would raise no question under that
instrument.’”
Cohen v. California
“[M]uch linguistic expression serves a dual communicative
function: it conveys not only ideas capable of relatively
precise, detached explication, but otherwise inexpressible
emotions as well. In fact, words are often chosen as much
for their emotive as their cognitive force. We cannot
sanction the view that the Constitution, while solicitous of
the cognitive content of individual speech, has little or no
regard for that emotive function which, practically
speaking, may often be the more important element of the
overall message sought to be communicated.”
“For, while the particular four-letter word being litigated
here is perhaps more distasteful than most others of its
genre, it is nevertheless often true that one man's
vulgarity is another's lyric. Indeed, we think it is largely
because governmental officials cannot make principled
distinctions in this area that the Constitution leaves
matters of taste and style so largely to the individual.”