SUNDAYS AT JASA SPRING 2026 SEMESTER

The Supreme Court: When Law and Politics Collide
Mondays at 10:00 a.m. – 11:15 a.m. 
Virtual Class on Zoom Beginning March 9
Instructor: Leora Harpaz
Email - lharpaz@lharpaz.com

Course Description:
This course will examine the Supreme Court’s recent actions in areas of political significance. During the 2025-26 Supreme Court Term, those cases include subjects including transgender rights, tariffs, the scope of presidential power over independent administrative agencies, & possibly birthright citizenship. Other important cases before the Court involve redistricting, election financing, and gun rights. In addition to cases on the Court’s regular docket, the Court has decided many cases that came to the Court as emergency applications - these cases will also be discussed, as will any major cases added to the docket during the 2026-27 Term.

Class 9 - May 11, 2026 and Class 10 May 18, 2026 (last of semester)

U.S. Constitution: Article II, Section 1:

The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America.

Article II, Section III: Take Care Clause:

he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed



Classes 7 & 8 - April 27, 2026 & May 4, 2026

Amendment XIV:
Section 1
All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2
Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State.

Section 3
No Person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.

Section 4
The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void.

Section 5
The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

Amendment XV:

Section 1
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude–

Section 2
The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.



SECTION 2 OF THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT

42 U.S.C. § 1973. Denial or abridgement of right to vote on account of race or color through voting qualifications or prerequisites; establishment of violation.

a) No voting qualification or prerequisite to voting or standard, practice, or procedure shall be imposed or applied by any State or political subdivision in a manner which results in a denial or abridgement of the right of any citizen of the United States to vote on account of race or color, or in contravention of the guarantees set forth in section 10303(f)(2) of this title, as provided in subsection (b).

(b) A violation of subsection (a) of this section is established if, based on the totality of circumstances, it is shown that the political processes leading to nomination or election in the State or political subdivision are not equally open to participation by members of a class of citizens protected by subsection (a) of this section in that its members have less opportunity than other members of the electorate to participate in the political process and to elect representatives of their choice. The extent to which members of a protected class have been elected to office in the State or political subdivision is one circumstance which may be considered: Provided, That nothing in this section establishes a right to have members of a protected class elected in numbers equal to their proportion in the population.


Class 6 - April 20, 2026
No material posted for this class.

Class 5 - April 13, 2026
No material posted for this class.

Class 4 - March 30, 2026
No Material posted for this class.


Class 3 - March 23, 2026
No material posted for this class.

Class 2 - March 16, 2026
No material posted for this class.

Class 1 - March 9, 2026

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act - IEEPA

50 U.S. Code § 1701
(a) Any authority granted to the President by section 1702 of this title may be exercised to deal with any unusual and extraordinary threat, which has its source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, or economy of the United States, if the President declares a national emergency with respect to such threat.


50 U.S. Code § 1702
The President may:
(B) . . . regulate, direct and compel, nullify, void, prevent or prohibit, any acquisition, holding, withholding, use, transfer, withdrawal, transportation, importation or exportation of, or dealing in, or exercising any right, power, or privilege with respect to, or transactions involving, any property in which any foreign country or a national thereof has any interest by any person, or with respect to any property, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States;

The Selective Words relied on by the Justice Department in its argument which ignores all 16 words in between:

the president may . . . REGULATE, direct & compel, nullify, void, prevent or prohibit), any acquisition, holding, withholding, use, transfer, withdrawal, transportation, IMPORTATION or exportation OF, or dealing in, or exercising any right, power, or privilege with respect to, or transactions involving, any PROPERTY IN WHICH ANY FOREIGN COUNTRY OR A NATIONAL THEREOF HAS ANY INTEREST by any person, or with respect to any property, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.